Normalizing the Basis

Start with the Incoterm. An EXW price excludes everything from the factory door onward; an FOB price includes getting the goods onto the vessel; a CIF price includes freight and a minimum level of insurance to the destination port. A quote on one basis cannot be compared with a quote on another until the missing legs are added. Then the currency and the date — a price in one currency quoted a month earlier is not the same as a price in another quoted today — and the quantity, because unit prices move with volume and a quote for a different quantity is a different quote. Finally the unit itself: per piece, per set, per square meter, per container. Getting all four aligned is unglamorous and is most of the comparison.
- Same Incoterm, with missing legs added where quotes differ
- Same currency and a comparable quote date
- Same quantity — unit prices move with volume
- Same unit of measure
Checking the Specification
A quote that undercuts the others by a wide margin has often quoted a different product. Check the material named against the one requested — solid wood versus a veneer, solid surface versus an acrylic-capped composite, tempered glass at the thickness specified. Check the finish process, because PVD and standard plating are not the same item at the same price. Check hardware brands and models where they were specified, basin and drain configurations, and the dimensions on the drawing. A supplier who has quoted a "similar" model has not quoted the RFQ, and the comparison is void until they do.
- Material as specified, not a near equivalent
- Finish process named, not just a color
- Hardware, basin and drain configuration as requested
- Dimensions checked against the drawing
Reading the Exclusions and Terms

The headline price is what a supplier wants compared; the exclusions are what a buyer should compare. Is export packaging included, or quoted separately? Are samples and their freight charged, and is the sample cost offset against the order? Is tooling for a custom item included or invoiced separately? Is pre-shipment inspection provided, or expected from a third party the buyer pays? Are dimensioned drawings part of the service? Is any certification or listing the market requires included, or assumed? Then the terms: how long the price is valid, what payment structure it assumes, what lead time it states and whether that is subject to the production schedule, and what warranty or claims process sits behind it. A quote that is low because it excludes half of these is not cheaper; it is incomplete.
- Packaging, samples, tooling, inspection, drawings, certification — included or excluded
- Validity date and currency exposure
- Payment terms and lead time basis
- Warranty and claims process behind the price









